Astr 323 March 3, 2004:  

Molecular stuff and rotation transitions

Question: How can C and O isotopes help?

Thermodynamic equilibrium

More thermodynamic equilibrium

LTE

Radiative transfer

It's your turn to walk the photon

Optical depth

Consider the cylinder is a cow...

absorbtions

Integration and absorbtion

Transmitted radiation falloff

Absorbtion Coefficient and Mean free path

Optically thick and thin

Question: what do we need to add?

Radiative transfer beyond 222

Question: what sort of physical situation might such variations correspond to?

Example

Radio observations